Red blood cell generation, cell metabolism, neuron function, and DNA synthesis are all aided by it
People with this condition need lifelong vitamin B12 replacement therapy
Routes reported in the literature include intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, and oral administration
Abbreviations 4-HNE: 4-Hydroxynonenal ACSL4: Acyl coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 AD: Alzheimers disease ADSCs: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells ALI: Acute liver injury ALS: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis BBB: Blood-brain barrier BMSCs: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells DMT1: Divalent metal transporter 1 dNCR: Delayed neurocognitive recovery DPSCs: Dental pulp stem cells ECM: Extracellular matrix ESCRT: Endosomal sorting complexes required for transport EVs: Extracellular vesicles Exos: Exosomes Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1 FSP1: Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 GPx: Glutathione peroxidase GPX4: Glutathione peroxidase 4 GSH: Glutathione HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1 HucMSCs: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ILVs: Intraluminal vesicles IRI: Ischaemia-Reperfusion injury MDA: Malondialdehyde miRNAs: microRNAs MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells MTTP: Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein MVBs: Multivesicular bodies NCOA4: Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 ncRNAs: Non-coding RNAs NETs: Neutrophil extracellular traps Nrf2: Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 OA: Osteoarthritis PD: Parkinsons disease PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acids ROS: Reactive oxygen species SLC7A11: Solute carrier family 7 member 11 SRSF1: Serine arginine-rich splicing factor 1 STEAP3: Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 HuSCs: Human urine-derived stem cells References Dixon SJKM, Lemberg MR, Lamprecht, et al
Some people are more likely to develop B12 injection side effects, especially when other conditions are present
