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3.3.1 Antioxidant activity Substances such as shikonin, alkanin, lawsone, emodin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and ellagic acid, along with certain herbal extracts, act as potent antioxidants by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and enhancing the activities of intracellular antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)

Wan et al., Engineering multienzyme-mimicking covalent organic frameworks as pyroptosis inducers for boosting antitumor immunity

These include using biodegradable backbones or enzymatically cleavable linkers, surface neutralization (for example hydroxylation, carboxylation or PEGylation) to reduce cationic surface reactivity, minimizing generation/size for dendrimers while preserving targeting, and requiring chronic-dosing safety packages that measure persistent microglial activation and behavioral outcomes before first-in-human trials

For providers and patients evaluating compounding pharmacy partners, the criteria worth prioritizing are: Is the pharmacy licensed in the patients state of residence

Hepatology 2022;76:174654