l-carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate
Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC The microbial metabolite trimethylamine N oxide promotes antitumor immunity in triple negative breast cancer: Cell Metabolism Trimethylamine Noxide: breathe new life Subramaniam 2018 British Journal of Pharmacology Wiley Online Library Innovative carnitine fed rats model reveals resveratrol butyrate Ester's multimechanistic role in reducing TMAO and cardiovascular risk ScienceDirect A systematic review of TMAO, microRNAs, and the oral gut microbiomes in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link
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