glutathione metabolism cell death Human cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance levels and antagonize drug-induced prostate cancer Ferroptosis | Cell death guide:

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2.2 Mitochondria as the major source of ROS generation In eukaryotes, the production of ATP occurs within mitochondria through oxidative metabolism of nutrients, which involves two key steps: OxPhos process (Iovine et al., 2021), and the oxidation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride (NADH) or flavin adenine nucleotide phosphate (FADH2), or the -oxidation of fatty acids (Shen et al., 2017)

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However, an excess of ROS can be harmful and lead to pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-eclampsia [37]