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Development of a Questionnaire for Assessing Dependence on Electronic Cigarettes Among a Large Sample of Ex Smoking E cigarette Users PMC Validity and Reliability of Four Instruments for E Cigarette Dependence and Sensory Factors in E Cigarette Use and Correlations Between These Measurements Banu Aslan, Ozgur Onal, 2026 Abbreviation: PSECDI, Penn State Electronic Cigarette Dependence Index. Download Scientific Diagram Development and initial validation of a new self report measure to assess perceived dependence on tobacco and nicotine products Scientific Reports Yes, We Should Be Concerned About the Health Effects of Vaping

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