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Although most time, a white tongue is usually harmless but sometimes it could indicate a serious medical condition that should be treated immediately

Trends in smoking prevalence in urban and rural China, 2007 to 2018: Findings from 5 consecutive nationally representative cross-sectional surveys

NHS - Vaping to quit smoking: NHS - Vaping myths and the facts: NHS - Using e-cigarettes to stop smoking: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities - Nicotine vaping in England: 2022 evidence update: Cancer Research UK - Smoking, tobacco and cancer: Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) - Use of vapes (e-cigarettes) among adults in Great Britain: HM Revenue & Customs - Introduction of Vaping Products Duty from 1 October 2026: Vaping products are for adult smokers and existing vapers only

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